中国餐桌礼仪英语作文2篇 作文高中（合集20篇）

January 27 20XX

It was sunny today. I was excited. I got up at a quarter to seven. I made a appointment to meet at nine o’clock. After I had my breakfast, I went to the city center of Beijing. It was cold outside. When I arrived, my friends didn’t arrive. I waited for him in front of the KFC’s door. I haven’t seen them for a year. And in a year, we didn’t nete into contact with others frequently. About ten minutes left, my friends arrived one by one. After we greeted, we went to the 5-star restaurant to have lunch. The lunch cost us 800 yuan. Oh, dear! They were all very rich, and one was poor.

January 28 20XX

Yesterday we played happily, but there were only ten people. I remembered last year there were twenty-two people at all. I heard some my friends had gone abroad. They went abroad to study. Maybe I couldn’t see them in the future. I think next year we won’t make a party. Next year is a very important year. We all will prepare for the college entrance examination. It is the most important for us now.

January 29 20XX

I was bored. So I wanted to travel to Hong Kang. I told my father my decision. To my surprise, my father agreed. My father thought I always at home was bad. He thought I should go out to see our country clearly. How beautiful our country is! My father drove me a travel service. I filled out an application form. After that, the agency would finish every things. At last the agency told me it would take a week time to transact procedures.

January 30 20XX

The screen of my father’s mobile telephone is broken. When you open the mobile telephone, the screen is always white with light. You can’t see from the screen. And my father is a businessman. He needed a new one. So my father and I went to the electrical appliance shop. There are many new kinds of mobile telephones. At first, my father chose a Sumsung one. But all the telephones have sold out. Finally, my father chose a Motorola one.

January 31 20XX

The food in Shanghai disagree me. I think the food in Beijing is the most delicious. Seafood in Beijing is very fresh. Prawns in restaurant are all alive. And there are many food that you can’t see in other cities. It is very cheap that you eat seafood in Beijing. The less money you pay, the more enjoyable you are. Maybe my stomach is ill. Whatever food I eat, I am still thin. And I am too thin, I want to be a litter fatter. So I must eat more.

February 1 20XX

My dog will be dead. She is very old. We have kept her for ten years. Now her hairs are falling. And she always lies on the ground. She can’t see very clearly. She eats a little. She benetes thin. She was very strong before. She is still guarding my family. She is one of my family member. Now we are all uneasy because she will die. I think you may know my thinking. Even if it is a dog, you can’t forget it. So these days, we feet her the best food.

一、遣词方面：用词要贴切而丰富，善用短语 ,词汇是语言的建筑材料，文章的好坏，选词很关键，如果用词精湛，就会使文章“亮”起来。

1、措辞要贴切具体

试比较下面句子：

A man is walking down the street.

A man is strolling down the street.

通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人，如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛，我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 generous(大方的，慷慨的)，humorous(幽默的)，smart(漂亮的，潇洒的)，kind-hearted，warm-hearted，hospitable(好客的,招待周到的)，gentle(文雅的)，optimistic(乐观的)，easy-going(随和的)，spirited(英勇的)，cultivated(有教养的)，manly(有男子气概的)，knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。

2、要善于运用短语

短语用得好，会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如：

When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)

When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)

3、要避免汉语思维

用词要符合英语习惯，避免汉语思维的影响，如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成，不能随意打乱其搭配习惯，否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”，英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”，而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功)，gain reputation (获得声誉)，attain ones end (达到目的)等。

二、造句方面：句式要准确而多变，活用复合句

简单句用得太多，会造成文章读起来乏味。在评卷员看来，同样意思的内容，能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达，当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强，评分自然就高。

1、巧用非谓语动词

运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。如：

I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed. (2004广东卷)

2、巧用with复合结构

“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性，使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较：

I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)

I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)

3、巧用复合句

高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会使文章出彩。

如：(定语从句) Whats more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.

4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等

使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。

(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.

(感叹句)I thought，“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”

5、巧用排山倒海句

如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可令文章增色不少，会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如：

The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful，to make the air cleaner and fresher，and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

三、谋篇方面：结构要清晰而流畅，巧用过渡词

众所周知，语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子，而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确，要点齐全，更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此，恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子，是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。

下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助：

(1)Firstly...，secondly...，thirdly...，finally...

(2)In the first place...，in the second place...，in the third place...，lastly...

(3)to begin with...，then...，furthermore...，finally...

(4)to start with...，next...，in addition...，finally...

(5)first and foremost...，besides...，last but not least...

(6)most important of all...，moreover...，finally...

如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组：

(1)On the one hand...，on the other hand...

(2)For one thing..., and for another thing...技巧，希望对大家有帮助

in my mind, everyone shall have his own dream. i think that having a dream means that we have an idea, and then we will do all the things to achieve the target. as long as we have a goal to be realized, we won’t be blind at least.

my dream is to become a successful stateman, helping those people who need help with their rights. of course, to be a good stateman is very difficult, but i will do whatever i can do to keep everyone satisfied. thats my dream. i want to try my best to help the poor sick people of our country. china is a developing country which needs good stateman,especially in the countryside and distant villages.

now i’m a junior student on grade one, my dream is also that although at present i’m good at study, i’ll still try my best to be the study winner. now everything i do is close to my dream. i feel life is fill with hope and is colorful, and i have enough confidence to realize my dream.

As the saying goes, "the state-owned national law, the home has rules", "no rules, no fangyuan." We have this home some unwritten rules.

Smokers. The house rules is mainly for my father. Want to know, my father had always loved smoking and smoking will open the floodgates, one, like the fire, a pack of cigarettes a blink, often by his home of cigar smoke. My mother and I often tried to persuade him to smoke less, smoking does no good to the body. But my dad always said: "no big deal, big deal I quit!" But he still as before. Mother see in the eye, pain in the heart, decided to "save" my father to help him "right."

One night, we just had a meal soon, dad is smoking a cigarette, spread "magnificent smoke at home. Mom saw very unhappy, angry look dad, dad but he said cheekily, "just a, a!" But, before long, his smoking again, and one, more. The rob people smoke permeated the room, I just and mother kept coughing. I cant help but say: "father, beginning from today, you can no longer smoke. If smoke again, I would to you a" dictatorship of the proletariat "!" Dad a listen to immediately protest, said: "I object!" "Do you know the dangers of smoking have how old?..." Ill persuade "that - well, I quit!" Dad also aware of the error, also accepted the "commands".

Since the house rules promulgated, dad smoking have trouble, we are proud of my father.

俗话说，“国有国法，家有家规”“没有规矩，不成方圆。”我们家就有这样一些不成文的家规。

抽烟者罚。这条家规主要是针对我爸爸定的。要知道，爸爸平时最爱抽烟，而且一抽就一发不可收拾，一支接一支的，像烧火一样，一包烟眨眼工夫就没有了，家里常常被他弄得乌烟瘴气的。我和妈妈经常劝他少抽一些，烟抽多了对身体没有好处。可是爸爸总是说：“没什么大事，大不了我戒烟嘛!”可他还是一如从前一样抽。妈妈看在眼里，痛在心里，决定“挽救”爸爸，帮助他“改邪归正。”

一天晚上，我们刚吃完饭过不久，爸爸就叼着一支烟，在家里散播“迷魂烟雾弹”。妈妈见了很不高兴，生气的看着爸爸，爸爸却嬉皮笑脸地说：“就一支，一支!”可是，没过多久，他又抽起来了，而且一支接一支，变本加厉。屋子里到处弥漫着抢人的浓烟，熏得我和妈妈不停地咳嗽。我忍不住说：“爸爸，从今天开始，你再也不能抽烟了。如果再抽，我就对你实行”无产阶级专政“!”爸爸一听立即提出抗议，说：“我反对!”“那你知道抽烟的危害有多大吗?……”我就以理服人“那——好吧，我戒!”爸爸也意识到了错误，也接受了“命令”。

自从家规颁布以后，爸爸抽烟的毛病收敛多了，我们为爸爸感到骄傲。

The environmental pollution is worse and worse /more and more seriously today . Water is polluted we have no clean water to drink Many trees are cutting down some animals is getting less and less.Some factories is poring dirty air in the sky the population is increasing faster and faster resources is getting less and less…etc. We should n’t throw away rubbish everywhere.We want to recycle reduce reuse things .Don’t waste things This saves money and reduces pollution. Use things for as long as possible. We don’t use plastic bags . We mus plant more trees and stop the people cutting them .We hope our world is more and more beautiful .

[中国自然资源英语作文

The Huang Mountain is a place of interest. here are lots of tourists seeing sights every day. Years ago, some of them paid no attention to environment protection. They threw about waste paper, plastic bags and tins. Besides, they killed animals, caught birds, destroyed trees and flowers. Worse still,

they often made a fire to cook in the forest. That was dangerous. Changes have taken place now. When tourists leave, they take away rubbish with them. They no longer hunt animals. Plants are also protected. All the tourists carry their lunch in order not to start forest fire. We must sing high praise of the good deeds.

Oceans becoming more acidicThe worlds oceans are slowly getting more acidic, say scientists.The researchers from California say the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.The lowering of the waters pH value is not great at the moment but could pose a serious threat to current marine life if it continues, they warn.Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.Increasing use of fossil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater.

Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid.Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.But these researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change."This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira."And we predicted amounts of future acidity that exceed anything we saw over the last several hundred million years, apart from perhaps after rare catastrophic events such as asteroid impacts."If carbon dioxide release continues unabated, ocean pH could be reduced by as much as 0.77 units, the authors warn.It is not absolutely clear what that means for marine life, however.

Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean lifeforms may be more sensitive to pH changes.Coral reefs and other organisms whose skeletons or shells contain calcium carbonate may be particularly affected, the team speculate. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH.In recent years some people have suggested deliberately storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of curbing global warming.But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered."Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing - because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet; and when CO2 is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.

悠远的时光，和平恬静的日子，这是中国远古的农耕时代。

男人们从田地里满头大汗地回来，泥泞的身子，沉重的脚步。女人心疼极了，连忙递过一条湿润的毛巾，端上精心烹调的食物，递过茶水，看男人狼吞虎咽的吃相。家中小小的男孩走过去，和爸爸一起吃。小女儿过去的时候却被妈妈拦住了：“哥哥将来也会和爸爸一样辛苦。让他们先吃。咱们管家，食物由我们来做，我们随时都可以吃。”

一种自然而然的分工，一种因工作性质的不同而产生的关爱和谅解，在时光的洪流中被毫无修改地完全保留，成为了一种公式，一种制度，一种男性天经地义地优越性。而且越演越烈，成为了传统文化中地一部分。“女人是低贱的，是微不足道的”成了传统的中国人根深蒂固的观念。

民俗是一个国家最朴实的东西，它反应了的是普通老百姓最简单的日常生活。本是远古社会的一种自然的生活状态，被后人沿袭了下来。经过一些所谓“理学家”的“正人君子”的提炼，变成了正当的压迫女子的工具。

“三从四德”是根据“内外有别”、“男尊女卑”的原则，对妇女在一生在道德、行为、修养的进行的规范要求。“三从”指“未嫁从父，既嫁从夫，夫死从子”，引申为作为女儿、妻妇和母亲的妇女应对男性服从。但妇女屈从由来已久，“女”字在商代甲骨文中就是屈身下跪的形象。“四德” 指妇德、妇言、妇容、妇功。简单来说就是要求女人要少说话，多做事，极尽自己的所能去取悦男性。而“七出”就是丈夫抛弃妻子的种种“正当”的理由，谓“妇有‘七去’：不顺父母(此指公婆)，去;无子，去;淫，去;妒，去;有恶疾，去;多言，去;窃盗，去。

这几乎含盖了生活的方方面面，女子如履薄冰，稍有犯戒就被打如万劫不复的深渊。这种无形的力量把女子紧紧地束缚住。鲁迅笔下的狂人翻开史书，看到的全是“吃人”。其中的那本《列女传》，还不仅仅是“吃人”，简直就是一部妇女的自虐记事录。

在中国的民俗传统中，浸满了女人的眼泪，就叫做‘千红一窟(哭)，万艳同杯(悲)。

裹小脚

从前，我国的女子，不论官宦小姐还是农家姑娘，从小就要用一根长长的布条把脚裹起来，裹得又尖又小，象莲花瓣一样，所以有“三寸金莲”之称。这几乎算是一种生理伤残，但这种伤残被认为是一种美的表现，延续了几千年。

关于这种病态的审美的出现，有两个不同的传说。

1.裹小脚，妃(非)你莫属

传说，从前，有这么个宫女，年年选妃子时选不上她，为此很伤心。她绞尽脑汁，想尽一切办法，要争得皇上的宠爱。有一天，她想了个主意，用布把自己的脚裹起来，天天缠，日日裹，日久天长，这脚就缠小了。她思谋着：脚小跳舞利索，轻盈好看，这样皇上会喜欢她。

一回，皇上让宫内所有的宫女都出来跳舞，宫女们浓妆艳抹，切娜多姿，各个打扮得花枝招展，但她们谁也没有小脚宫女跳舞跳得好看。这下，引起了皇上的注意，皇上便命小脚宫女单独跳舞。小脚宫女深知皇上喜爱自己，更是眉飞色舞，脚小，屁股扭，腰极软，皇上看得迷了心，最后选小脚宫女为妃子。这个宫女总算达到了目的，从这以后，皇上下了一道圣旨，宫内宫女要缠足，天下民女要缠足。以后，社会上流传着一种顺口溜：小脚女人嫁秀才，又吃好的又自在，大脚女人嫁奴才，耕田种地少衣没吃不自在。后来裹小脚很时兴。女人的脚讲究要三寸金莲，也就是说脚越小越好。

2.裹小脚，扬长避短宠爱到

传说，从前有个皇帝叫曹庄，选了个非常美丽的妃子。一天晚上，曹庄皇帝到这个妃子寝宫住宿的时候，突然发现妃子的脚是三个指头，形状象鸡爪子一般，很难看。 “怎么你的脚象鸡爪子似的?”曹庄很惊奇的问。 妃子见皇帝讨厌自己的脚，感到很害羞，于是，又用两手把美丽的脸蛋捂了起来。

曹庄看着妃子的脚实在难看，就命令她用黑布把脚裹起来，妃子没办法，只好忍着疼痛裹起了脚。曹庄见妃子裹脚后走起路来阿娜多姿，如翩翩起舞，很好看，别的女子走路远不如妃子的姿态优美。对她就宠爱万分。妃子缠脚的事，很快传出宫去，普天下的女子都裹了脚，于是就兴起了裹脚。

从上面这些来源看，女人的裹脚源自争取男性(尤其是皇帝)的宠幸。中国文学中就有一个很重要的内容――“闺怨”，或者是“宫怨”。“回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色”多少女子的青春年华在后宫的苦苦等待中蹉跎尽了，真正能够得到宠幸的却少之又少。“有不得见者三十六年”“入时十六今六十”即使见到了又怎样呢?原来怨的只不过是没有得到君王恩幸罢了。直白地说，就是没有受到君王的玩弄罢了。就算君王“三千宠爱在一身”也不过是把其当作一件美丽的玩具，马嵬坡上演的丑剧就足以证明。而《红楼梦》中的元春封为晋妃，全家风光，“烈火烹油，鲜花着簇”该是幸福的吧，可是她回家省亲却是一片呜咽，埋怨父母把她送到那见不得人的去处。君王尚且如此，就更不要指望将士或者平民百姓回怜香惜玉了。围城之中，什么都吃完了，主帅便带头杀了爱妾，分给军士吃，然后吃城里的女人，然后才吃老弱的男性。这样的例子史书里比比皆是，而且不是野史，都是堂堂的正史。在这样的环境中，女人身不由己地争取男人的宠爱，都是为了让自己本已经很悲惨的日子好过些。

况且裹脚本身就是一种对身体残忍地伤害。《镜花缘》里有一段林之洋在女儿国被迫裹脚的描写，可见裹脚的残忍与变态。

上来两个宫娥，都跪在地下，扶住“金莲”，把绫袜脱去。那黑须宫娥取了一个矮凳，坐在下面，将白绫从中撕开，先把林之洋右足放在自己膝盖上，用些白矾酒在脚缝内，将五个脚指紧紧靠在一处，又将胸面用力曲作弯弓一般，即用白绫缠裹;才缠了两层，就有宫娥象著针线上来密密缝口：一面狠缠，一面密缝。林之洋身旁既有四个宫娥紧紧靠定，又被两个宫娥把脚扶住，丝毫不能转动。及至缠完，只觉脚上如炭火烧的一般，阵阵疼痛。不觉一阵心酸，放声大哭道：“坑死俺了!”两足缠过，众宫娥草草做了一双软底大红鞋替他穿上。话说林之洋两只“金莲”，被众宫人今日也缠，明日也缠，并用药水熏洗，未及半月，已将脚面弯曲折作两段，十指俱已腐烂，日日鲜血淋漓。不知不觉，那足上腐烂的血肉都已变成脓水，业已流尽，只剩几根枯骨。 ;贞洁牌坊

牌坊本来就是一道奇异的门。一道可以将人带进文化历史里，可以的开不同性质空间的门。

牌坊可以为一个动人的故事、一段忠义的事迹而设，为某一个大型的庆典而临时建造，有时会因时节，为环境或建筑物加添新衣，有时又会单单为表扬一个妇女的贞节淑德而大事铺张。树牌坊是旌表德行，承沐后恩，流芳百世之举，是古代是人们一生的最高追求。

贞洁牌坊也许是唯一能和列女传并驾齐驱的表彰妇女的方式。理学家们除宣扬孝道外，还大力宣传贞节观念。。“从夫”里就有对丈夫忠诚不贰，丈夫死后不事二夫，甚至殉夫的要求。春秋时期息国国君夫人息夫人，在丈夫被楚国俘获，楚王逼她为夫人，她以死相拒，成为史书表彰贞节的模范。历代官方表彰贞节烈成为制度，在人心中打下深深的烙印，无形的舆论压力渗透到每一个角落，导致一些妇女自残生命，甚至在丈夫将要病死和战死前，妻妾们提前殉节，表示对丈夫的忠诚。宋代理学家程颐就曾说过“饿死事极小，失节事极大。”这种存“天理”灭“人欲”的节烈观，像一把剑，杀人不见血。。贞洁牌坊给妇女戴上光彩照人的镣铐，一言一行都受到监督和束缚。一座座用血泪凝铸的节孝牌坊为不幸的妇女带来了无上荣光，更影响了千千万万的妇女甘愿受礼教的摧残。典型的例子就是《红楼梦》里的李纨。她青春丧偶，居家于膏粱锦绣之中，竟如槁木死灰一般，惟知侍养亲子，做些针凿诵读而已。待到儿子加官进爵，自己却黄泉路近，只是“枉为他人作笑谈”罢了。

贞洁牌坊不仅树立在地上，更树立在人们的心中。许多女人是在外人的窃窃私语和戳点的手指中，被自己的亲人逼死的。明朝的海瑞是被赞扬的有名的清官，以耿介直谏著称。但他又是一名严酷的父亲。姚叔祥《见只编》记载，一天，海瑞看见他5岁的女儿吃一个糕饼，就问糕饼是谁给的，当得知是某仆人给的时海瑞大怒，训斥女儿说：“女子哪能随便接受男仆的糕饼?你不是我的女儿!你如果能饿死，才算我的女儿!”小女从此吓得啼哭不止，不喝也不吃，家里人怎么哄她劝她也没有用，7天之后真的饿死了。女子的生命在这样的条件下显得如此微不足道，“女贞”，“女节”几个字眼就可以轻易地葬送她们地生命，不管她们是不是才华横溢，志行高卓的。

中国农业文明的背景和以儒家为主的文化决定了对女子的态度。因为男子天生的体力优势。所以，旧时农业的分工是男主外女主内，男人在外面从政、打仗、服役、种地、打猎及经商等。女人在家里务蚕织、生儿育女、孝敬公婆。随着社会的发展，男人的外部空间越来越大，越来越开放。而女人的内部空间却是有限的、封闭的。男人参与政治、军事，有了特权，逐渐形成了在居住、活动、交往、行为等日常生活中的内外障隔――“内言不出，外言不入”、“男女授受不亲”等，“男女大妨”的礼教。周灭商，建立了第一个血缘贵族统治的包括嫡长子继承制、分封制等的制度文明，称为“周公礼制”。权位的分配和继承需要确定贵族男子纯净的血统以及和睦安宁的家庭。所以明文规定“内外有别”，让妇女退回家庭。女子参与军政大事就是“牝鸡司晨，惟家是索”。而这就成了维护家长制、决定对妇女的“三从四德”等一系列规条的依据。是几千年男尊女卑的基础和得以延续的根源。

由于这样复杂的社会渊源，礼教特别注意教诫训导妇女的道德行为，使之符合父权――夫权家庭的需要，强调的是女性在男性主导的社会中的配合与服从，也更重视男女之间的协作和家庭的人际关系。像害怕女人“利口覆家帮”。而大家庭最恨妇女之间以言辞挑拨离间家庭成员不和，所以对妇女提出“妇言”的要求。而女子承担的纺织等妇功不但是家庭得以延续的重要保证，也是历代国家赋税收入的重要来源。班固在《汉书・食货志》中指出，妇女昼作夜集，每月相当于45个劳动日，比男人还要辛苦。但这一切变得越来越严苛，尤其当程朱理学出现后，甚至成为了一种极端的压迫，导致了种种悲剧的产生。不知道儒家素来讲究的“中庸之道”去了哪里。

早期的两河文明、波斯文明、古希腊文明和古埃及文明大多属于游牧文明和商业文明，男尊女卑没有中国严重。古埃及好几位有名的君主都是女性。但后来根据一些哲学家和神学家的二元论即：男性=精神+理性、女性=肉体+感性，认为妇女天生智力低下，不适合从政，但贵妇得以向教会和法律施加影响，争取更多的权利。到了黑暗的中世纪，神学将男女二元论对立并推向极端，他们大量杀死被指控为“巫师”的妇女。而自16世纪开始的宗教改革，它强化了家庭与婚姻重要性和明确了男女内外分工，妇女接受的教育是服务于丈夫与孩子，成为贤妻良母，这种状况直到近代女权运动兴起才受到挑战。而反观中国，从来没有对妇女的极端仇视，更没有大规模的迫害。

经过一系列的改革之后，女性在中国的地位已经大大地提高，但男尊女卑的就观念仍就留在某些人精神深处、蠢蠢欲动，影响种种判断的公平性。要达到真正的男女平等，还需要相当的时间与精力的投入。

曾经在医院里见过装有雌雄两种激素的小瓶。男人和女人巨大的差别就蕴藏于其中，所有的神秘，都简化成一个枯燥的分子式。两种激素的作用虽有天壤之别，但外观是那样地相似，如果把玻璃瓶上的字迹擦掉，就完全分辨不出来。

希望有一天，男尊女卑的问题也像这样简单。

梦，是人生路上的指南针;梦，是每个人为之努力的方向;梦，是每个人心中的摇篮。每个人都有自己的梦，如果把每个人的梦都凝聚在一起，就是一个硕大的中国梦!我心中一直有个梦，那就是——把微笑传给每一个人。

记得那次我家还住在乡下平房的时候，一场大雨过后，那条每周我上辅导班必经的小河上的水泥桥被河水和冲得早已不见踪影，却只有水泥桥对面的圆木桥，那个平时我空手走也要胆战心惊许久的桥。

面对那桥我犹豫不决，还有十分钟就要上课了。我猛地扛起车，做了一个“伟大”的决定：扛车从桥上走过去。前几十米，我在雄赳赳气昂昂的气氛中进行。渐渐地，脚下的木头在不停的抖着，桥下的水湍急的流着，我的腿开始打软，好像不能再支撑我身体重量。我不知自己是怎样走到桥中央的，我的脚步顿时寸步难挪。哗哗的流水声使我更加害怕，使我几次差点把我自己心爱的车扔进河里去。

就在这进退两难的时刻，突然，肩上的车子轻了起来，继而渐渐地离开了我肩膀。是一只大手从我手中取下自行车的。那一刻，心中有无法说出的感激。我扭过头：一张陌生的脸上充满了最朴实的微笑。时间不容我细看，那一瞬间，那个微笑那么真诚、那么可爱!

车子和我终于安全到达对岸，满心的感激使我仔细地看看那微笑的脸：不算黑的皮肤，眯细的双眼挡不住那真诚的目光，干裂的嘴唇微微张开——一位四十多岁朴实的农民。

这一笑，普通得再普通!那一笑我始终不能忘记，它是人世间最美好的东西。我曾试着以同样的微笑去扶跌倒的儿童，以同样的微笑去帮助行走困难的老人。每当我不求回报帮助别人并赋之最纯真的微笑时，那藏在心中的笑的价值与含义得到了体现。

所以，我一直有个梦：把微笑送给每个需要它的人。让每一个接受笑的人再送给需要它的人。那是一种称不上崇高却足以让自己自豪的滋味。如果每个人都做到了，那么一个伟大的中国梦——人与人之间和谐共处，就可以实现了。

因此我要用我的梦，去传递中国梦!

I like the new year, people in the Spring Festival, the spring festival couplet, watch the Spring Festival Gala, set off firecrackers, fireworks, eating hot pot … … new year is really lively!

To thirty in the big year, after eating the rich years night meal, it is time to see the Spring Festival evening. The Spring Festival Gala began, and the family gathered in front of the TV punctually, concentrating on their faces, hum and mouth dancing from time to time. The evening shows are colorful, with cross talk, sketches, singing, dancing and magic … … every program wins everyones compliments, cheers and laughter. At the end of the party, the host shouted: “ ten, nine, eight … … two, a ” the new year began.

New years first day, often to go out to play. Our family came to the busiest place in Putian, — — the pedestrian street, the “ the ground Avenue ” Then he went to Putian, one of the famous places of interest “ Lantau Peak Park ” the time tunnel, the ice carving, the enjoyment of the food … … have fun.

The first two often do not go out, so only “ nest ” at home, do homework, watch TV … …

The next few days, in addition to new years day. The remaining few days to go to visit our relatives, relatives, eat dinner together tonight. If you have time to go shopping together, pick up some new clothes, buy some special purchases for the Spring Festival … …

The new year day is very busy, at night, eating while watching tv. My evening meal is more abundant than on the thirty from the 6. At the beginning of 7, you usually have to eat 8. The 9 point is enough. That is, at 8, many people celebrate this special festival with fireworks and firecrackers. The fireworks are simply flying all over the sky, and the sky is decorated with colorful and colorful.

The new year is a lot of fun, a lot of good-looking, and a lot of delicious food.

Topic 1: Festivals

春节The Spring Festival 农历 lunar calendar 正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar

买年货 do Spring Festival shopping

红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.)

New Year’s Day 元旦 Christmas Day 圣诞节 New Year’s Eve 除夕 Spring Festival 春节

April Fools’Day 愚人节 Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节 Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival 端午节

Labor Day 劳动节 Day of the Dead 清明节 lucky money 压岁钱 世界爱滋病日(12月1日)-----WORLD AIDS DAY

介绍春节

假如你是李华，你校的外教要在中国过春节，请你根据以下内容，用英文写一篇短文介绍我国的春节，并祝他们节日愉快。

时间 一般在二月份，中国农历正月初一，前后要持续半个月

风俗 :

1. 12生肖命名，如狗、猴、虎等，今年是猪年

2. 春节前人们要大扫除，大年夜全家人在聚集一起吃年夜饭

3. 年初一、初二走访亲友，给孩子们压岁钱

写作要求：

(1)必须包括以上全部内容(题目已经写好);

(2)只能使用5个句子。

参考词汇： 农历Chinese Lunar Calendar 压岁钱lucky money

A brief Introduction of the Chinese Spring Festival

The Chinese Spring Festival comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year, which is usually in February. There is a name for each year, such as the dog, the monkey, the tiger or one of the twelve animals, and this year is the year of the pig.

Before the New Year’s Day, the Chinese people usually give their houses a good cleaning and on the last evening of the old year, all the members of a family will get together and have a big meal. On the first or second day of the new year, people usually go to visit their relatives and friends and give some lucky money to children.

I wish you have a good time during the Spring Festival.

[高中优秀英语作文：《春节》

Everyone has their own dreams, I am the same. But my dream is not a lawyer, not a doctor, not actors, not even an industry. Perhaps my dream big people will find it ridiculous, but this has been my pursuit! My dream is to want to have a folk life! I want it to become a beautiful painting, it is not only sharp colors, but also the colors are bleak, I do not rule out the painting is part of the black, but I will treasure these bleak colors! Not yet, how about, a colorful painting, if not bleak, add color, how can it more prominent American? Life is like painting, painting the bright red color represents life beautiful happy moments. Painting a bleak color represents life difficult, unpleasant time. You may find a flat with a beautiful road is not very good yet, but I do not think it will. If a person lives flat then what is the point? Life is only a short few decades, I want it to go Finally, Each memory is a solid.

导语：每到一个新班级都要进行一次自我介绍，你会用英语介绍自己吗?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Teachers，good afternoon.

Allow me to briefly talk about myself. My name is - xx graduated from the south gate of the private secondary schools. Tourism now studying at the school in Hubei Province. Studying hotel management professional. I was a character，cheerful girl，so my hobbies is extensive. Sporty. In my spare time likes playing basketball， table tennis，volleyball，skating. When a person like the Internet at home，or a personal stereo. Not like too long immersed in the world of books，and family members have told me，Laoyijiege is the best. Talking about my family，then I will talk about my family has. Only three people my family ， my grandmother ， grandfather and my own. My grandfather is a engineer，I am very severely on peacetime，the Church me a lot. Grandma is a very kindly for the elderly，care for my life in every possible way. Therefore，I have no parents in their care，childhood and growth were full of joy. I like this hotel management professional，because I like to live in a strict order of the management environment. I have my professional self-confidence and hope，as long as the efforts will be fruitful，this is my motto. Since I chose this profession，I will follow this path，effort，perseverance path.

Thank you teachers. I finished presentation.

【参考翻译】

老师,下午好。

请允许我简单介绍我自己。我的名字是——毕业于xx私立中学。现在在这所湖北省旅游学校学习。学习酒店管理专业。我是一个性格开朗的女孩,所以我的爱好是广泛的。运动。在我的业余时间喜欢打篮球,乒乓球,排球,溜冰。当一个人喜欢在家上网,或者一个听随身听。不喜欢太长时间沉浸在书的世界里,和家人告诉我,劳逸结合是最好的。谈谈我的家庭,然后我将谈谈我的家人。我的家庭只有三个人,我的奶奶,爷爷和我自己。我的祖父是一个工程师,我非常严重在和平时期,教会我很多。奶奶是一个非常和善的老人,照顾我的生活在每一个可能的方式。因此,我没有父母的照顾,童年和成长都充满了快乐。我喜欢这个酒店管理专业,因为我喜欢生活在一个严格的秩序的管理环境。我有我的专业自信和希望,只要努力将是富有成效的,这是我的座右铭。既然我选择了这个职业,我将遵循这条道路,努力,坚持不懈的路径。

谢谢你老师。我完成了演示。

导语：春节算是中国最热闹的节日，春节那段时间到处都洋溢着热闹幸福的气氛，下面是小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与鉴赏，谢谢。

Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .It‘s to celebrate the lunar calendar ’s new year .In the evening before the Spring Festival ，families get together and have a big meal .In many places people like to set off firecrackers .Dumplings are the most traditional food .Children like the festival very much ，because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .They can also get some money from their parents. This money is given to children for good luck . People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .

The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .People visit relatives and friends with the words “Have all your wishes ”。 People enjoy the Spring Festival ，during this time they can have a good rest .

as our contemporary society develops dramatically， a worrying problem has sprung up that the degree of trust among individuals has decreased。 for example， when we meet a man begging for money due to his handicapped leg in the street， we are considering whether he is cheating us。 plus， in the business circle， we consumers couldn’t easily believe what the merchant has guaranteed。

all these problems mentioned above are reduced to adverse consequences。 especially， in the corporate world exists the prevalence of dishonesty。 influenced by these phenomena， we， invariably， become increasing cautious about other’s guarantee， even a piece of word。 thus， this trend does much harm to the commodity economy。

the underlying reason for these phenomena is the distorted mentality of money worship。 there are an army of figures expect getting by with cheating customers by selling fake products。 but， they would inevitably suffer penalty。 so， honesty counts most。 to sum up， we， average citizens， can eliminate the feeling of distrust via treating others honestly and paying confidence to others。

[信任危机高中英语作文

这天，我和爸爸妈妈一起去和亲戚们吃饭。

我们来得还算早，打还有人来得更早，热情地打完招呼后，大家都落座了。吃饭时，大家谈笑风生，有的人嘴里还含着饭菜，说话时。有的饭菜还从口中喷了出来，但是自己却没发现。有的大人宠爱小孩子，用筷子在盘中挑挑拣拣，专门挑一些孩子喜欢吃的好吃的。在开饭之前，有的小孩子跟父母闹着肚子饿，嚷着要吃饭，父母听了孩子饿，就在大家还没来齐之前给自己的孩子先夹了些菜吃。

这些都是不文明的行为，要知道：吃饭之前，要等人到齐了才能动筷，吃饭时也不能在盘中挑挑拣拣，更不能口含食物大声说话。大家应该记住这些事项，做一个文明有礼的学生。

今日之责任，不在他人，而在我少年。少年智则国智，少年富则国富，少年强则国强;少年独立则国独立，少年自由则国自由，少年进步则国进步;少年胜于欧洲则国胜于欧洲，少年雄于地球则国雄于地球。

——题记

我有一个梦，有一个神圣而伟大的中国梦——主权完整，国家统一。

一直以来，台湾是中国神圣领土不可分割的一部分。虽然历史上，台湾曾被西班牙、荷兰、日本先后占领过，但是抗日战争胜利后，台湾重归中国的版图。虽然1949年后，由于众所周知的原因，台湾与祖国大陆处于分离的状态，但是有一天中国会实现统一的，因为这是我的梦，我的中国梦。

我是少年，我的中国梦要少年去实现。年轻时的毛泽东，站在橘子洲头高声感叹：“问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮?”回想“恰同学少年，风华正茂，书生意气，挥斥方遒。”直至青春年华的周恩来铿锵有力的喊出“为中华崛起而读书”，并与同学相约要相见于“中华腾飞时”。更有梁启超的“美哉，我少年中国，与天不老;壮哉，我中国少年，与国无疆。”少年，少年，我是少年，看着一代代优秀的少年，一代代有着中国梦的前辈，难道我现在不该为之而奋斗吗?

在追梦的路上有着重重艰难险阻，但依然会有人倾听我的梦，依然会有人为我的梦加油，梦想在长城脚下放飞，希望在脑海里点燃，世界上最快乐的事，莫过于为理想而奋斗。我们从不怀疑，因为梦想只要经过奋斗，就可能变成现实。

台湾，我的梦，我的中国梦，少年的中国梦，为了国家的统一，追梦。

一个大学同学，毕业后五年在二十八岁时就任近十万人口县属小镇镇长。三年后升任为该县宣传部长，而后副县长，配有专车和专门的司机。他的政治野心不小，在官场上如鱼得水。有一年回国我去看他，他开口的第一个问题就是;你为什么不回国?中国应该有更适合你的专业的位置和机会。

我想都没有想地答道：为了有尊严地活着。

同学十分不解地看了我一会儿。但他没有继续追问，而是让他的司机随时待命，亲自开车带我去他工作和管辖的地区转转，并开玩笑说：好多年我都不开车了，但是今天，我给你当司机!我明白他的意思今天我是他的贵宾，但经他这么有意一说，也让我意识到他今天在降尊纡贵。司机，在他眼里是低人一等的仆从。

我们每到一处，总是被一群人围着前恭后迎，小心赔笑奉承有加，连到餐馆吃饭都是老板亲自出马，殷勤备至。我跟着他狐假虎威了一回，体验到有如皇帝出游般前呼后拥的至尊至贵，这是我在美国没有的经历。

饭后同学旧话重提，吹捧说我在中国肯定会混得比他好，为什么会有在中国活得没有尊严的想法呢?我没有回答他的问题，而是问他，如果某一天他成为一介平民的话，他还会有这样每到一处的礼遇吗?他说他没有想过自己将来会成为一介平民，但如果是的话，估计不会被人这样奉迎着。这就是了。其实在中国没有必要成为一介平民来体会尊严的差别，只需换个角度，你能不能像尊重你的上级一样来尊重你的司机?他们只不过是职业的不同而已。同学老实承认不能，也突然明白我的意思，感叹道，尽管他在这儿人模人样，但如果去省城或北京的话，肯定也是一条哈巴狗，甚至被人当成流浪狗。

没错，在中国，一个人是否被尊重和被尊重的多少取决于你身上披着的社会身份的大小或财富的多少。

在美国，我是典型的一介平民，尽管操着不太流利而且有口音的英语，以及长着不主流的面孔，但每到一处我很少有不被尊重的感觉，仅有的几次还是来源于自己的同胞和新移民。无论是学习工作场所，还是生活消费场所，无论是锦衣绣服，还是破衣滥衫，我个人的经历还没有被人公开歧视过。但在中国，我却时时处处感到不被尊重和歧视，或因为不太高档的衣着，或因不太主流或优越的口音，或长得不富或不贵的面孔等等。说人家美国人是表里不一的伪君子也好，假仁假义的伪善者也好，但人家至少文明到不会明目张胆地歧视人或轻贱人甚至羞辱人。

我也告诉同学，我每天很骄傲地给自己和家人当司机，有时候也给同事和朋友当司机。工作午餐外出就餐时，经常是老板或老板的老板给我们当司机。我所在的美国的城市市长，甚至多数国务部长、国会议员或州长都是自己开私车上下班。即使雇用司机也会对他们彬彬有礼，因为一方面对人本身的尊重是西方的基本价值，另一方面司机手里握有这些人的一票。

像有权的同学一样，一个有钱的同学也不太明白尊严在中国是个问题。在中国的经济和司法还随处有缝可钻的时候，这个同学凭借在政府部门的特殊关系，在只赚不亏的房地产行业找到了他成为富人的位置;在中国的道德开始堕落到以更新妻子包养二奶为荣的时候，他不仅与时俱进地换了个年轻漂亮的妻子，而且在同学朋友中从来不隐瞒包养的情人。现在他家里雇佣了两个保姆和一个专职司机，这些也是他向人展示他的财产的一部分。总之，他总是踩着了时代的步伐，以至他时常感叹，生为男人，只有生在中国才值得。如此的际遇，尊严在他那儿当然不是问题。

“尊严”的话题被提起也是因为他不理解我为什么不回国，是在一帮老同学聚会上，这个有钱的同学在一家餐馆请客。到了该点菜的时候，有钱的同学一招手，四个服务员同时快步躬身迎上来。那是个特殊的包间，配有四个服务员站在房间四角随时待命。同学嫌他们有碍同学间的私密话题把他们赶到了门外。每次有要求，他只需要一招手或对外高声叫道：服务员，再拿份菜单!服务员，饮料!服务员，点烟!等等。点菜的口气更是铿锵有力。当他再次埋头挥手招人时，没有注意到身后一个服务员手里拿了一杯酒正准备递给他，结果酒杯被打落在地，一些酒洒在他身上。同学大眼一瞪，服务员吓得面如灰色连连道歉。我坐在一旁，津津有味地“欣赏”着同学那高高在上有如指挥千军万马的气势，想象不了这曾经是个见了女生就满脸通红、以至初恋情人被人抢走后无助地失声痛哭的大男孩。金钱，是如此地能把一个懦夫变成强者和尊者。

终于等他点完了菜，我告诉他，在美国读书时，我也曾在餐馆端过盘子洗过碗，可是从来没有人对我大呼小叫过。那时英语很糟，不时会出错拿错了菜，但大多数客人投以理解的一笑礼貌地要求换菜，幽默点的谢谢我让他们尝到了一道新菜。而且如果人家对我的服务满意的话，还会给我额外的小费。同学哽咽着，半天没有说话。我以为他正在为自己刚才的行为失当深感愧意呢。不料他却说，在美国那么不好混啊，为什么不回来?

这次轮到我哽咽了。原来有钱人还在坚持己见，即餐馆服务生比他这个有钱人低微数个等级，以至那么地同情他的老同学居然也做过这类的工作。不仅如此，他还理直气壮地说，我花钱买服务，听我的使唤是他们份内的事!可是，有钱人，你买的是人家的服务，这项服务只包括人家态度和善地帮你点菜上菜收盘子等份内的事，并不包括额外的面对你的傲慢和不尊、轻视甚至羞辱。在这个社会上，无论一个什么样的职位，上至国家主席或总统，下至搬运工清洁工，都是在直接或间接在为别人提供服务。因社会的分工和机会的不均等，以及其它一些因素使得职业存在着高低的区别，其报酬形式已经通过金钱和社会地位表现出来了，但职业的尊严和做人的尊严并没有因此而有区别。

人性的尊严是与生俱来的。在一个正常的社会里，是个人，就应该被尊重。但在中国，尊严是要通过某种外在的东西交换得来的，比如用金钱，或权势或社会地位等等，这是为什么大多数人都踩着别人往上爬，爬到一个等级后就踩着比自己低一等的人搜括着别人的尊严而享受着这种搜括。自古就有“万般皆下品”的说法，“惟有读书高”只不过是读书人的臆想，几千年来，从来是“惟有权钱高”。

本来，贫穷并不必然低贱，低微也不必然没有尊严，富有权势也不是尊严的同义词。这个世上，清贫而有尊严地活着的大有人在。但在中国，贫穷低微却是没有尊严的代名词。经典的“笑贫不笑娼”就出自这个土壤，是对这种钱比尊严更重要的价值观作了最好的阐释。

其实说生活在中国缺少尊严不完全对，缺少尊严的只是普通老百姓，有权有势有钱的人不缺这个。官尊民卑，上尊下卑，富尊贫卑，这就是中国式的尊严。

几十年来，为了倡导高尚的互尊互爱的道德，动员全国人民响应的口号一个接着一个：学雷锋，做好事;五讲四美三热爱;八耻八荣，等等。结果呢，从幼儿园开始喊的口号，还是没能阻挡人们的道德水平越来越低，人活得越来越没有尊严的趋势。我们当官的有钱的带头把“八耻”变成了“八荣”。我们的大款们学习雷锋好榜样，敲锣打鼓地捐款救济穷人灾民，捐得稍有点数目的其大名毫不谦虚地昭示在报刊电台头版头条成了大救星。穷人还没有来得及磕头感恩戴德，几个豆腐渣工程、几个通过广告包装的产品、几个声嘶力竭的演出、几个为人们服务的骗局，把这些捐的钱又源源不断地收回到了大款的口袋里。今年春节，我们的亲民领导们终于发现，我们的人民活得没有尊严，于是一个新口号诞生了：让人民活得有尊严。

领导，人们怎样有尊严得起来?稍微有点良心不太“三热爱”的人们，监狱侍候!而且没有任何正常的司法程序，尽管那些司法本身也不公正。想说不该说的话或上访?知不知道警察叔叔腰里有枪?最不济的还有警棍呢，连只发了一根柴火棒的城管都有权随意打人。不听话的人多了，军队上来了。还要顽固抵抗?坦克机关枪打前锋。死在枪下的都是不法分子，活着就不是好人，死了就更没有尊严了，纪念他们当然是有罪的!不同意拆迁?你家的房子或坟墓比我的钢铁造的推土机厉害?我们要奥运了世博了，外国人要来了，你们——脸上脏兮兮的身上破破烂烂的民工，有碍市容有辱我们的国际形象，得滚出城里回到乡下，等尊贵的外宾走后再回来做又苦又累还脏的活……这些，都是领导们让老百姓活得有尊严所做的努力?!

其实，要让百姓活得有尊严并不难。把是否能当官和当官的前途放在老百姓手上，当官的还敢作威作福随便践踏掌握他仕途的人的尊严?没有终身的官员也没有终身的上下级关系，“上尊下卑”还会有问题?提供一个公平竞争的社会环境和较公正的司法系统，任何人都有通过自身的努力而不是通过权力走向富裕的机会，富人也还会那么耀钱扬威了?

中国人，如果剥去了权势和金钱的外衣，还能剩下什么呢?我们普通老百姓还需要等多久才真的活得有尊严呢?

Since the implementation of reform and opening up policy in mainland China in 1978, changes in society, economy, ideology, humanities and even politics have never been seen in Chinese history. The economic environment, the educational environment, the values and the population distribution have changed greatly.

Since the implementation of reform and opening policy on the economy, China, economic development has made great progress, the gross national product (GDP) in less than 30 years, an increase of more than 25 times, the overall size of the economy has surpassed Germany, ranked third in the world (only in the United States and Japan). But at the same time, the two level of polarization between the rich and the poor is serious.

In todays China, though college education is more popular, the number of college students who have enrolled and graduated every year has increased significantly, but in fact, education is facing an unprecedented "commercialization" and "industrialization" crisis. The center of all peoples life begins to revolve around money and material. The traditional social morality and ethical values are no longer considered, even mocked and spurned. This brings great problems and crises in social security and family and marriage.

Now Chinese is also experiencing large population migration hitherto unknown, the so-called "three drift" phenomenon: one is a large number of rural population to Beijing, Tianjin and other places to move, two is to Shanghai as the center of the Yangtze River Delta is the three mobile, to Guangzhou as the center of the Pearl River Delta mobile.

In all aspects of the changes in China, the state has also changed its previous religious policies. The family church has provided a certain space for the development of domestic church, so the family church has also undergone great changes and development. The overseas magazine media reports that the Chinese family church is experiencing 7 changes and has its own characteristics in the model.

From the countryside to the city, this is the most remarkable and new change. Many urban family churches are showing vigor and rapid development with young, highly educated and energetic party. From coastal to inland, the more developed coastal family church tradition, the western missionaries and early activities in the area concerned. In many of Chinas inland areas, even among ethnic minorities, the spread of the gospel and the establishment of the church have been greatly developed.

From grassroots to multilevel, todays gospel is no longer a belief of civilians with a low educational level and at the grass-roots level of the society. It has become a research topic in many universities, and also a popular belief among college students, professors and white-collar workers. The urban churches, dominated by intellectuals, were set up in cities and grew rapidly. The integration of many "returnees" Christians also played an important role in the transformation and development of urban family churches.

From single to pluralistic, in the past, Chinese churches were basically single (non sectarian) in terms of sectarianism, and basically conservative in theological thoughts. Such a situation is changing. With the influx of various sects and theological ideas and ideas from abroad, Chinese family churches have also changed from single to pluralistic. From receiving to paying, when Chinese economy, especially the development of coastal economy, has developed, the believers of Chinese churches have made great progress in giving money and giving resources, especially in the Church of Wenzhou. The disaster relief in Sichuan has become a concentrated expression of the participation of Chinese family churches in social care and love.

From domestic to overseas, many families in the church is across the border, to neighboring countries sent missionaries to carry out the gospel mission. Although the number of people is still in the minority, "the gospel into China, the gospel out of China" is becoming the vision and mission of more and more Chinese believers. Among them, from Wenzhou and Fujian area due to emigration of Christians, or to do business overseas, and more enthusiasm into the construction conditions and the local Chinese Church and missionary.

From the close to the cooperation, in the past, because of the historical and political environment and many other reasons, the Chinese family churches are mostly not reciprocal. And now the situation is changing. Especially in the emerging churches in the city, facing the regional even national prayer meeting, and the camp and propaganda workers, there began to be cooperation between the churches. Cross system theological training, worker training, and so on, also appear more and more.

In the process of marching and developing to the city, the family church has formed a very typical model of development. The phenomenon of "series" and "parallel" is obvious. The so-called "series" refers to one or more full-time on his staff, led more than a dozen parties, forming a vertical type feed management mechanism; the so-called "parallel", refers to the different church between the "horizontal connection", or a church planting out many churches, the plain independently, but there is often a joint meeting between his staff, and the Ministry of cooperation.

The clergy have good cultural accomplishment, and the theology of equipment. Many people graduated from colleges and universities, give up very good career and personal future commitment to Gods call, with a strong sense of mission, and by many underground seminaries or network Seminary, accept the systematic theology of equipment. Some people even go back home after receiving theological equipment abroad, and the spiritual vision and theological attainment of the church personnel are greatly improved compared with the past.

中国正在走上高速发展的道路。

中国走过了最黑暗的一段时光，在2008年，中国申奥成功让中国站在世界的舞台，然而短短十四年过去 了，中国再一次申奥成功代表着中国不仅走上了世界的舞台，同时体现了他在世界这个大舞台走的很稳很快，说明中国已经具备了和各个国家竞争的能力。中国能在这短短十几年中两次申奥成功足以证明中国的实力。

回想 以前 ，中国人认为如果谁能出趟国是多莫了不起，现在只是平平常常的事情，中国已经海龟遍地走了。以前看到外国人总有种神圣的好奇，有时甚至认为老外高人一等，拿最简单的例子来说，当时有人用一个学校是否有外教来判断一个学校的教育水平，而现在一个学校有几个外教是非常普通的事情，甚至好多学校友外国留学生，他们难道不是带着我们以前一样的心态来窥探中国嘛?如若中国只是一个弱小的国家，恐怕没有学生愿意来中国吧。

中国是一个极具好胜心的国家。

在航天事业方面国家起步晚，但是中国人依旧不气馁，发奋图强，现在中国的航天事业不比任何一个国家差。在核武器的眼球上，中国的原子弹研究成功和氢弹研究成功之间的时间 差是最短的，这足以证明中国是一个上进且好胜心极强的国家。作为唯一一个现今仍然存在的文明古国，他具有比世界任何一个国家都要完整的文化 传承和精神，虽说他时而沉睡但必有冲上蓝天之时。

中国的发展给世界各国带来全新的经济机遇。

作为一个人口最多的国家，他的崛起必将创造一个巨大的市场，这是任何一个国家都比不了的。最晚由小农经济转化为市场经济的大国，就像一个刚刚烘制好的蛋糕，任何国家都眼红，各个国家都想来分一块蛋糕，这就极大的促进了中国的外资引进，技术引进甚至是人才的引进。

2022中国再次举办的奥运 会将是中国的第二次向世界展示自己 ，也是中国第一次向世界各个国家说：中国人民从此站起来了。

一只雄鹰已经蜕去旧爪，翱翔天空已成必然。

导语：下面是小编整理的中国古代文学常识，希望对大家有帮助!

(一)、先秦文学

1、上古神话

中国古代神话名篇有: 女娲补天、后羿射日、精卫填海、(盘古)开天辟地、黄帝战蚩(chī)尤、刘安《淮南子》等。

2、先秦散文

A、儒家经典 “四书”指《论语》《孟子》《大学》《中庸》。

“五经”指《诗经》《尚书》《礼记》《易经》《春秋》 “六经”又称六艺(《乐》)

B、历史散文。《左传》(编年体) 《战国策》(国别体) 《国语》(国别体)

“春秋三传”《左传》《谷梁传》《公羊传》

C、诸子百家散文著名的有：

①老子，李耳，字聃(dān)，道家学派创始人，著有《道德经》。

②孔子名丘，字仲尼。是儒家学派创始人，《论语》是孔子弟子记载孔子和他的学生言行的书。(《季氏》《荷》)

③墨子名翟(dí)，墨家学派创始人。《墨子》53篇。

④孟子名轲，字子舆。儒家学派继承者。《孟子》是孟子学生记录孟子言行的书。(《得道多助，失道寡助》《生于忧患，死于安乐》《庄暴见孟子》《鱼我所欲也》。)

⑤庄子，名周，战国道家著《庄子》。(《庖丁解牛》)

⑥荀子，战国儒家,著《荀子》32篇。(《劝学》)

⑦韩非子，法家。著《韩非子》。(《扁鹊见蔡桓公》《五蠹》《智子疑邻》。)

⑧《吕氏春秋》又称《吕览》,是秦相吕不韦和他的门客的集体创作。(《察今》)

⑨李斯的代表作是散文《谏逐客书》。

3、先秦诗歌

A、《诗经》。《诗经》是我国第一部诗歌总集,共305篇。分风、雅、颂三类、风是民歌,雅是乐歌,颂是祭歌。诗经的表现手法是比、兴、赋。“比”即比喻，以彼物比此的。“兴”先言他物以引起所咏之词，“赋”直陈其事。

B、《楚辞》。西汉学者刘向把屈原宋玉等人的作品编辑成书，定名为《楚辞》。屈原(前340?-前277?)名平,我国伟大爱国主义诗人、曾在楚国任左徒三闾大夫等职。代表作是《离骚》《九歌》《九章》。

(二)、两汉文学

A、两汉散文

①贾谊，世称贾生。又称贾长沙，贾太傅。著《新书》十卷。《过秦论》、《论积贮疏》是他的代表作。

②司马迁，字子长，伟大的史学家、文学家。著《史记》首创“纪传体”,分为本纪、世家、列传、表、书。鲁迅称《史记》为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”。

③班固的《汉书》、刘向编订的《战国策》都名垂史册。

B、乐府民歌和赋。

1、乐府民歌：乐，民乐;府，官府。乐府原为汉代音乐机关所搜集的诗。《孔雀东南飞》

2、赋是我国古代韵文和散文的综合体。

司马相如的《子虚赋》《上林赋》。贾谊的《吊屈原赋》都很有名。

(三)、魏晋南北朝文学

A、魏晋南北朝的诗歌和散文

①“三曹”、“三曹”即曹氏父子曹操、曹丕、曹植。曹操的《观沧海》，曹丕的《燕歌行》，曹植的《名都篇》《白马篇》《洛神赋》都很有名。

②“建安七子”指孔融、陈琳、王粲、徐干、阮禹(yǔ)应扬(yáng)刘桢。王粲的《七哀诗》成就最高。

③“竹林七贤”指嵇康、阮籍、向秀等七位作者

④陶渊明,名潜,字元亮，世称靖节先生。《桃花源记》《归去来辞》《归园田居》《饮酒》是传世之作。

⑤此外,诸葛亮《出师表》、范晔(yè)《后汉书》、陈寿《三国志》、王羲之《兰亭集序》、刘勰《文心雕龙》、郦道元《水经注》都名垂史册。

B、魏晋南北朝的小说。(小说的发展期)

①志怪小说以干宝《搜神记》为代表。《干将莫邪》。

②轶事小说以刘义庆的《世说新语》为代表。《周处》。

(四)、唐代文学

1、唐诗

①“初唐四杰”：“初唐四杰”是王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王。王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀川》《腾王阁序》脍炙人口。

②“山水田园诗人”王维、孟浩然。王维字摩诘，一位大诗人，著名“画家和音乐家”;人们说他“诗中有画，画中有诗”。名作有《使至塞上》《山居秋暝》。孟浩然是王维密友,名篇有《过故人庄》。

③“边塞诗人”高适、岑参、王昌龄、王之涣。高适《燕歌行》、岑(cén)参(shēn)《白雪歌》、王昌龄《芙蓉楼送辛浙》、王之涣《登鹳雀楼》都是名篇。

④诗仙李白，诗圣杜甫，人民诗人白居易。

李白，字太白，号青莲居士。李白是伟大的浪漫主义诗人、名作有《将进酒》、《蜀道难》、《梦游天姥吟留别》《秋浦歌》《静夜诗》《赠汪伦》等、著《李太白集》。

杜甫,字子美，又称杜工部，是伟大的现实主义诗人。名作有“三吏”(《潼关吏》《石壕吏》《新安吏》)“三别”(《无家别》《垂老别》《新婚别》)《北征》《兵车行》《茅屋为秋风所破歌》等。

白居易，字乐天，号香山居士。双称白香山，白太傅、白居易主张“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”。名作《长恨歌》《琵琶行》。

⑤“小李杜”：李商隐，杜牧，著有《樊川文集》。

⑥“诗中三李”为李白，李商隐，李贺。

2、唐代散文

①韩愈。韩愈，字退之，自号昌黎，又称韩吏部。韩愈是唐代“古文运动”的领袖，著《昌黎先生集》。

②柳宗元，字子厚，又称柳河东。写了著名的《永州八记》著有《柳河东集》。

3、唐人传奇(小说发展的成熟期)

陈鸿的《长恨歌》传，李朝威的《柳毅传》都是较成熟的文言小说。

(五)、宋代文学

1、宋词和宋诗

①以苏辛为代表的宋词豪放派。苏轼，字子瞻，东坡居士，其诗、文、字画都有极高成就。与其父苏洵、弟苏辙号称“三苏”。著有《苏东坡集》。辛弃疾，字幼安，号稼轩，有《稼轩长短句》。

②以柳永、李清照、姜夔等人为代表的宋词婉约派。柳永，李清照，姜夔。

③伟大的爱国诗人陆游和伟大的民族英雄文天祥。陆字务观,号放翁，著有《剑南诗稿》。文天祥,字履善又字宋瑞，自号文山，著《文山全集》，名篇有《正气歌》《过伶仃洋》。

2、宋代散文①著名的“唐宋八大家”。唐宋八大家是：韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、曾巩。

②范仲淹，字希文，谥号文正公。《岳阳楼记》为千古名篇。

3、宋人话本话本是“说话”艺人的底本、著名话本有《大宋宣和遗事》(内有水浒故事)《三国志平话》(后演进为《三国演义》)。

(六)、元代文学

1、元曲四大家

①关汉卿，号已斋叟，名作有《窦娥冤》《望江亭》《拜月亭》《救风尘》

②郑光祖，代表作是《倩女离魂》

③白朴，名作有《墙头马上》

④马致远，名作有《汉宫秋》

2、十大悲剧(主要是前六部)

①关汉卿的《窦娥冤》②纪君的《赵氏孤儿》③白朴的《梧桐雨》④马致远的《汉宫秋》⑤洪升的《长生殿》⑥孔尚任的《桃花扇》此外还有⑦冯梦龙的《精忠魂》⑧孟称舜的《娇红记》⑨李玉的《精忠谱》⑩方成培的《雷峰塔》。

3、王实甫和他的《西厢记》王实甫，字德信。《西厢记》的主题是反对封建礼教追求婚姻爱情幸福。

(七)、明清文学

1、明清小说

A、明代的章回小说和“四大奇书”、明朝人称《三国演义》《水浒传》《西游记》《金瓶梅》为四大奇书。

《金瓶梅》的作者叫兰陵笑笑生，该书反映了明代中叶的社会现实。

B、伟大的现实主义小说《红楼梦》以贾宝玉、林黛玉爱情悲剧为线索,描写了贾、史、王、薜四大家族的兴衰史，反映了封建社会的日趋衰亡。作者曹雪芹，号雪芹又号芹圃,芹溪。清代小说家。

C、此外还有明代冯梦龙的“三言”(《喻世明言》《警世通言》《醒世恒言》),清人蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》、清人吴敬梓的《儒林外史》清人刘鹗的《老残游记》,吴沃尧(字趼人)的《二十年目睹之怪现状》李宝嘉的《官场现行记》、曾朴的《孽海花》被列为清末四大谴责小说。

2、明清诗文

A、明代。刘基字伯温，著有《诚意伯集》;宋濂，字景濂，著有《宋学士文集》;徐宏祖号霞客,著有《徐霞客游记》;张溥，字天如，著有《七录斋集》

B、清代。顾炎武，著有《日知录》;方苞，著《方望溪全集》是桐城派始祖;姚鼐，是桐城派大散文家。著《惜抱轩诗文集》;袁枚，字子才，号随园老人,著有《小仓山房诗文集》《随园诗话》。